查看“SN 1054”的源代码

'''SN 1054'''，或称'''天关客星'''，是[[1054年]]7月4日爆发的一颗[[超新星]]。中国值[[北宋]][[宋仁宗|仁宗]]在位，史书对此超新星的爆发日期、亮度、颜色、亮度减至不可见日期等信息有记载。

这颗超新星留下的残骸是[[蟹状星云]]和[[蟹状星云脉冲星]]。

=史料记载=

《[[宋会要]]》卷五十二：[[至和]]元年七月二十二日，守将作监致仕[[杨维德]]言：伏睹[[新星|客星]]出现，其星上微有光彩，黄色。谨案《[[黄帝掌握占]]》云：客星不犯[[毕宿|毕]]，明盛者，主国有大贤。乞付史馆，容百官称贺。诏送史馆。[[嘉祐]]元年三月，司天监言：客星没，客去之兆也。初，至和元年五月，晨出东方，守[[天关]]，昼见如[[金星|太白]]，芒角四出，色赤白，凡见二十三日。

Zhihe era, first year, seventh lunar month, 22nd day. ... Yang Weide declared: "I humbly observe that a guest star has appeared; above the star there is a feeble yellow glimmer. If one examines the divination regarding Huang Di, the interpretation [of the presence of this guest star] is the following: The fact that the star has not overrun Bi and that its brightness must represent a person of great value. I demand that the Office of Historiography is informed of this." All officials congratulated the Emperor, who ordered his congratulations be [back] forwarded to the Office of Historiography. First year of the era of Jiayou, third lunar month, the director of the Astronomical Office said "The guest star has disappeared, which means the departure of the host [that it represents]." Previously, during the first year of the Zhihe era, during the fifth lunar month, it had appeared at dawn, in the direction of the east, under the watch of Tianguan (天关, Zeta Tauri). It had been seen in daylight, like Venus. It had rays stemming in all directions, and its colour was reddish white. Altogether visible for 23 days.


《[[宋史]]·仁宗本纪》：嘉祐元年三月辛未（1056年4月6日），[[司天监]]言：自至和元年五月，客星晨出东方，守天关，至是没。

Jiayou era, first year, third lunar month, xin-wei day, the director of the Office of Astronomy reported during the fifth lunar month of the first year of the Zhihe era, a guest star had appeared at dawn, in the direction of the east, under the watch of Tianguan. Now it has disappeared.


《宋史·天文志》：至和元年五月己丑，出天关东南可数寸，岁余稍没。

Zhihe era of the reign, first year, fifth lunar month, ji-chou day. A guest star has appeared to the south-east of Tianguan, perhaps several inches away. After a year or more, it gradually disappeared.


《[[续资治通鉴长编]]》卷一七六：至和元年五月己丑，客星晨出天关之东南可数寸（嘉祐元年三月乃没）。

First year of the Zhihe era, fifth lunar month, ji-chou day. A guest star has appeared to the south-east of Tianguan, perhaps several inches away [of this star]. (The star disappeared in the third lunar month of the first year of the Jiayou era.)